In engineering designs, structural analysis is generally performed assuming a rigid base. While introducing the effect of structural substrate flexibility on the response and dynamic properties of structures is important. Introducing different solutions to reduce the response of the structure against dynamic forces is another important issue in engineering designs. In this paper, the passive Pall friction damper system has been used for this purpose. In the researches that have been done so far, various optimization methods have been used for the Optimal design of friction dampers, but in most of these methods, the effect of soil-structure interaction has not been considered for friction dampers, while in earthquake soil-structure interactions are important. One of the main objectives of this study is to investigate the effect of soil-structure interaction on the optimization of friction dampers. The actual forces and displacements of a structure due to free-surface seismic movements can be determined by considering the effects of soil-structure interaction. In this regard, in this paper, two-dimensional frames of 4, 8, and 12 floors equipped with dampers were analyzed in nonlinear structural analysis software under seven accelerometers using the nonlinear time history method once, considering the effect of soil-structure interaction and introducing 3 Different lateral loading patterns and again without this effect. The results show that considering this issue in terms of cumulative triangular slip load pattern has increased the loss of earthquake input energy. Also, depending on the type of load pattern, the applied record and the height of the structure, a decrease has been observed, which is mentioned in the results section.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of generative learning teaching based to pattern cognitive load on the memorization math of 7th grade students of in the academic year of 2021- 2022. The research method is quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with four groups: two control group and two experimental groups. The statistical population of the study consisted of all 7th grade male and female students of District 2 of Mashhad city that 112 person sample was selected by single stage cluster sampling method. The subjects in the experimental group involved in generative learning based to cognitive load in 16 sessions and the control group did not receive any interventions. The research instrument consisted of a 20-questions researcher-made test. To analyze the obtained data, Multivariate analysis of covariance and SPSS version 24 software were used. The results showed that generative learning teaching based to approach cognitive load have a positive and significant effect on 7th grade students' memorization math. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that one of the effective training on math memorization students is the use of generative learning on the based load cognitive pattern.

Optimal load of mobile robots, carrying a load with predefined motion precision, is an important consideration regarding their applications. In this paper a general formulation for finding maximum load carrying capacity of flexible joint mobile manipulators is presented. Meanwhile, overturning stability of the system and precision of the motion on the given cnd-effector trajectory are taken into account. The main constraints applied for the presented algorithm are torque capacity of actuators, limited error bound for the end-effector and overturning stability during the motion on the given trajectory. In order to verfy the effectiveness of the presented algorithm a simulation study considering a compliant joint two-link planar manipulator mounted on a differentially driven mobile base is explained in details.

In agricultural activities, multiple inputs and sources are use. The main objectives of farm managers and planners were to optimizing the resources usage and inputs for determining appropriate cropping pattern. Hamedan province and Bahar county has high potential for agricultural productions. The main purpose of research was to investigate Optimal cropping pattern for Bahar county for crop years of 2013-2014. For the mentioned aim, mathematical planning and simulation of cropping products on the basis of water input. Data were analyzed by Lingo10 software in mathematical model. In the study, feasibility of efficiency maximization and investment cost, water usage, chemical matters minimization were analyzed according to land limitation and water availability. Results show that for the purpose of mentioned aim planning efficiency of product were increased: 8.44 percent, investment cost 2.94percent, chemical manure usage 3.05, chemical toxins usage 0.88 but water usage 1.99 percent decreased. It can be expected that findings will contribute to agricultural related organizations and planners.

In this paper we investigate generating an Optimal running gait for the planar model of ATRIAS bipedal robot. ATRIAS is a robotic prototype implemented in Oregon State University with the aim of high speed running. Gait generation for ATRIAS has been done based on slip model. Although this passive model is a good base for gait generation, it does not necessarily yield to the best energy efficient solution. So, in this paper via the gradient based method starting from an initial point given by slip based control, we search for an Optimal pattern for the running gait that minimizes cost of transport (COT) during one complete step. Equations of motion for each continuous time phases, called stance and flight, and models for take-off and touch-down events are derived. Then by parameterization of motors torque profiles using polynomials and solving the direct dynamic model, optimization problem is solved to minimize COT. The optimization is repeated three times by performing the parameterization in terms of polynomials of degrees 3, 4, and 5, to obtain the most efficient torque profiles. The results indicate that for all three shapes of polynomials COT is reduced compared with slip based running gait. Moreover, the minimal COT is achieved by torque profiles of degree 4.

This paper presents a new method for distribution system planning considering load uncertainty that the obtained network is robust to the load forecasting uncertainty. At first a method for Optimal network planning ignoring load uncertainty has been presented and then by mixing this method with Monte Carlo Method, a novel method has been presented for planning distribution system considering load uncertainty. Supposing that the location and size of HV substations are obtained in another work, the Optimal route of MV feeders are obtained through the new Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) developed for the Optimal expansion planning of distribution network. In order to check the radial structure of the network obtained in any iteration of ICA, a novel mathematical algorithm is employed. For the scenario with considering load uncertainty, Optimal network and the histogram figures for some electrical parameters of the Optimal network are obtained. According to the results, the obtained Optimal network is robust to the load uncertainty.

linear static analysis is one of the most widely used methods proposed by the codes for the seismic analysis of structures. Several methods have been presented for determining the static lateral load pattern. In spite of the simplicity of these procedures, their accuracy, especially for structures in which the influences of higher modes are significant, is not desirable. In this study, a new method is developed to improve the lateral load pattern in linear static analysis. To achieve the proposed lateral load distribution, firstly, the average responses of some structures subjected to some earthquakes are acquired. Then, regarding the dynamic responses of the structures, the static lateral load pattern compatible with the average responses is developed. Eventually, to derive a straightforward and hands-on lateral load distribution, using a statistical study, some relations coupled with a graph are developed. Since the proposed method is developed based on the structural responses resulting from linear dynamic analysis (time-history analysis), it is shown that the suggested way, despite its simplicity and efficiency, presents appropriate accuracy in predicting the responses of the structures subjected to seismic excitations. The developed lateral load is applied for three frames with 5, 10 and 14 stories. The inter-story drifts of these frames are achieved under 14 earthquake excitations. After that, the proposed lateral loads of code 2800 and FEMA 356 are used on these frames and the responses are derived. The outcomes show that whereas the average error of the proposed lateral load for these frames is around 7, 5 and 7%, the average errors of code 2800 and FEMA 356 are almost 20, 10 and 25%. Comparing the inter-story drifts for the developed lateral load pattern with the dynamic results, validates its performance. The developed method is evaluated for a set of structures with different fundamental periods. Results show that the method gives higher accuracy in comparison with the static method of Iranian standard 2800 and FEMA 356. Also, the developed procedure can be considered as an appropriate technique for determining lateral load distribution in seismic codes.

One of these tools is the land separation patterns, which allows land users and urban designers and planners to control the existing and future development and construction of the land and adjust it to the standards and criteria appropriate to the form and Close the shape of the city. This research intends to answer its main question, "What is the appropriate and Optimal model for land use planning and what are its main components? " The research method is a descriptive-analytical and argumentative method, which by using the collection of library information and studying them as the theoretical background of the research, we will deal with the problems and components of the model of land separation and find out from those criteria and components that are effective on the Optimal model. Identify the separation of the land. The purpose of this research is to identify the Optimal pattern of land separation in the framework of the country's laws and regulations and to describe its effective components and dimensions. General factors such as economic conditions or existing laws and regulations in the separation of land, unique factors of land such as land conditions, ownership, etc. play a decisive role. Therefore, it is pointless to consider a fixed pattern for all urban spaces due to the presence of factors such as social and cultural, political, and environmental factors that have unstable and unstable variables. be reviewed and monitored.

This study was carried out with the aim of designing an Optimal pattern for pre-school course curriculum and comparing it with the existing status. Since there is not any comprehensive pattern with certain framework for pre-school courses curriculum in Iran to cover all related aspects of a child's trainings, this study tries to present a model under the title of “development-oriented and creativity-oriented curriculum for bilingual children in Azerbaijan to correspond with primary school curriculum and more attention was given to all aspects of child's growth and creativity. Analytical and consequential methods were used to determine the elements of the Optimal model, and survey method was used to validate the suggested model.Results1- The elements of Optimal model of curriculum included main and subjectives, content, organizing the content, learning activities, educational methods, evaluation, teacher, manager and parents roles in the suggested model.2- Validation of the suggested model is according to the 20 related professors opinion was 99.62%.